purple coneflowers
(Echinacea spp.)
Overview • Description • Distribution • Taxonomy
Overview |
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Echinacea is the genus of flowering plants that contains purple coneflowers and a single yellow coneflower. Some sources use the common name “coneflowers” for the genus. The preferred name “purple coneflower” distinguishes this genus from prairie coneflower (Ratibita) and coneflower (Rudbeckia). There are 10 species of Echinacea, all of them in North America east of the Rocky mountains. Only one species, Echinacea angustifolia, is native to Minnesota. |
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Some species are cultivated as ornamentals. One species, Echinacea purpurea, is often imported in seed mixes purchased from other states by city, county, regional, and state parks. |
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Description |
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Purple coneflowers have erect stems up to 4′ tall, alternate leaves, and large, showy, composite flower heads. Most have unbranched stems; hairy, rough-textured, untoothed leaves; and large, showy flower heads with purple to pink or white corollas and spreading or drooping ray florets. |
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Distribution |
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Sources 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 24, 28, 29, 30. The map at left includes sightings of non-native species in prairie restorations and in plantings in city, county, regional, and state parks. |
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| 11/13/2019 | ||||
.png "Distribution Map")
Taxonomy |
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| Kingdom | Plantae (green algae and land plants) | ||
| Subkingdom | Viridiplantae (green plants) | ||
| Infrakingdom | Streptophyta (land plants and green algae) | ||
| Superdivision | Embryophyta (land plants) | ||
| Division | Tracheophyta (vascular plants) | ||
| Subdivision | Spermatophytina (seed plants) | ||
| Class | Magnoliopsida (flowering plants) | ||
| Superorder | Asteranae | ||
Order |
Asterales (sunflowers, bellflowers, fanflowers, and allies) | ||
Family |
Asteraceae (sunflowers, daisies, asters, and allies) | ||
| Subfamily | Asteroideae | ||
| Supertribe | Helianthodae | ||
| Tribe | Heliantheae (sunflowers and allies) | ||
| Subtribe | Zinniinae | ||
| Genus | Echinacea (purple coneflower) | ||
Subordinate Taxa |
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eastern purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea) narrow-leaved purple coneflower (Echinacea angustifolia) pale purple coneflower (Echinacea pallida) sanguine purple coneflower (Echinacea sanguinea) smooth purple coneflower (Echinacea laevigata) Tennessee purple coneflower (Echinacea tennesseensis) Topeka purple coneflower (Echinacea atrorubens) wavyleaf purple coneflower (Echinacea simulata) yellow coneflower (Echinacea paradoxa) |
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Synonyms |
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Common Names |
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coneflower purple coneflower |
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| Alfredo Colon | |||
_01.jpg "purple coneflower (Echinacea sp.)") |
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| MinnesotaSeasons.com Photos | |||
eastern purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea) |
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narrow-leaved purple coneflower (Echinacea angustifolia) |
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This button not working for you? Simply email us at info@MinnesotaSeasons.com. Be sure to include a location. |
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| Alfredo Colon 8/2/2019 |
Location: Woodbury, Minnesota |
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| MinnesotaSeasons.com Sightings | ||||
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Created: 11/13/2019
Last Updated: