stiff-leaved showy goldenrod - Species Profile
Conservation • Description • Habitat • Ecology • Use • Distribution • Taxonomy
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List
not listed
NatureServe
N5? - Secure
SNR - Unranked
Minnesota
not listed
Description
Stiff-leaved showy goldenrod is an 8″ to 60″ tall, erect, perennial forb that rises on 1 to 5 stems from a stout, woody caudex in mature plants, from rhizome in young plants. It tends to form clumps.
The stems are erect, leafy, green or reddish, hairless from the base to the inflorescence, and minutely hairy in the inflorescence.
Basal and stem leaves are dark green and are not glaucous. Stem leaves are alternate, rough to the touch, crowded, and firm. Basal and lower stem leaves are narrow, inversely lance-shaped or inversely egg-shaped, with the attachment at the narrow end. Basal leaves are 2″ to 12″ long including a short leaf stalk, and ⅓″ to ¾″ wide. The margins are often coarsely toothed.They are usually not present at flowering. The upper surface is almost hairless. Middle stem leaves are narrowly egg-shaped to lance-shaped or elliptic, 1″ to 3½″ long, and ⅛″ to ⅔″ wide, becoming smaller as they ascend the stem. They are attached to the stem without a leaf stalk. The margins on the middle leaves are finely toothed, becoming untoothed near the top of the stem. The upper surface is hairless and smooth to the touch. On the upper half of the plant small, wing-like leaves appear in the leaf axils.
The inflorescence is a dense, 4″ to 12″ long, 1″ to 3½″ wide spike with 15 to 300 flower heads. The flowering stems of the inflorescence curve upward rather than out and down.
The flower head is about ¼″ wide with 6 to 8 yellow ray florets and 7 to 9 yellow disk florets.
Height
8″ to 60″
Flower Color
Yellow ray flowers, yellow disk flowers
Similar Species
The 12″, showy flower spike makes showy goldenrod one of the more easily recognized goldenrod species.
Showy goldenrod (Solidago speciosa) has much wider leaves. Basal leaves are usually present at flowering. The stem leaves are smooth to the touch, not crowded, and not firm.
Habitat
Dry to moderate moisture. Open woods, fields, prairies, and plains. Full sun. Sandy or loamy soil.
Ecology
Flowering
Late July or early August to early October
Pests and Diseases
Use
Distribution
Nativity
Native
Occurrence
Common
Taxonomy
Kingdom
Subkingdom
Pteridobiotina
Phylum
Tracheophyta (Vascular Plants)
Class
Order
Asterales
Family
Asteraceae
Subfamily
Asteroideae
Supertribe
Asterodae
Tribe
Astereae (Asters and Allies)
Genus
Subgenus
Solidago
Section
Erectae
Subsection
Erectae
Complex
Solidago speciosa species complex
Varieties and subspecies elevated 3/21/2021
Until recently, several varieties and subspecies of Solidago speciosa were recognized. Based on a recent analysis of the Solidago speciosa species complex (Semple et al. 2017), Plants of the World Online (POWO) elevated the varieties and subspecies of Solidago speciosa to full species rank. It is widely expected that other taxonomic authorities will soon follow suit, but as of this writing they have not.
Update 3/11/2024
Catalog of Life, GBIF, NCBI, and World Flora Online have followed Plants of the World Online in elevating the subspecies and varieties of Solidago speciosa to full species rank.
Subordinate Taxa
Synonyms
Solidago chandonnetii
Solidago speciosa var. rigidiuscula
Solidago speciosa var. angustata
Solidago venulosa
Common Names
showy goldenrod
stiff-leaved showy goldenrod
