rough barnyard grass

(Echinochloa muricata var. muricata)

Conservation Status
rough barnyard grass (var. muricata)
 
  IUCN Red List

not listed

     
  NatureServe

N5 - Secure

SNR - Unranked

     
  Minnesota

not listed

     
           
Wetland Indicator Status
     
  Great Plains

FACW - Facultative wetland

     
  Midwest

OBL - Obligate wetland

     
  Northcentral & Northeast

OBL - Obligate wetland

     
           
 
Description
 
 

Culms are often reclining on the ground but with the tips ascending.

The leaf blade has no auricles.

The leaf sheath is keeled and has no ligule.

The awns on the flowering spikelets are from ¼ to ½ or longer. The spikelets are commonly purplish.

 
     
 

Height

 
 

18 to 42

 
     
 

Similar Species

 
 

Rough barnyard grass (Echinochloa muricata var. microstachya) has flowering spikelets either with awns that are less than ¼, or with no awns at all.

Barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli) is similar but is distinguished by features of the lemmas which require at least 15x magnification to see.

 
     
 
Habitat
 
 

Moist to wet. Woodland openings, swamps, marshes, streambanks, disturbed sites. Full to partial sun.

 
     
 
Ecology
 
 

Flowering

 
 

July to September

 
     
 

Pests and Diseases

 
 

 

 
     
 
Use
 
 

 

 
     
 
Distribution
 
 

Distribution Map

 

Sources

4, 5, 7, 29, 30.

 
  6/4/2023      
         
 

Nativity

 
 

Native

 
         
 

Occurrence

 
 

Common

 
         
 
Taxonomy
 
  Kingdom Plantae (green algae and land plants)  
  Subkingdom Viridiplantae (green plants)  
  Infrakingdom Streptophyta (land plants and green algae)  
  Superdivision Embryophyta (land plants)  
  Division Tracheophyta (vascular plants)  
  Subdivision Spermatophytina (seed plants) / Angiospermae (flowering plants)  
  Class Liliopsida (monocots)  
 

Order

Poales (grasses, sedges, cattails, and allies)  
 

Family

Poaceae (grasses)  
  No Rank PACMAD clade  
  Subfamily Panicoideae (bristlegrasses, bluestems, paspalums, and allies)  
  Tribe Paniceae (bristlegrasses, rosette grasses, barnyard grasses, and allies)  
  Subtribe Boivinellinae  
 

Genus

Echinochloa (barnyard grasses)  
  Species Echinochloa muricata (rough barnyard grass)  
       
 

Synonyms

 
 

Echinochloa muricata var. ludoviciana

Echinochloa pungens

Echinochloa pungens var. coarctata

Echinochloa pungens var. ludoviciana

 
       
 

Common Names

 
 

American barnyard grass

barnyard grass

cockspur grass

rough barnyard grass

rough barnyardgrass

spiny barnyard grass

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Glossary

Auricle

A small ear-like projection at the base of a leaf or at the junction of a grass blade and stem.

 

Awn

A stiff, bristle-like appendage at the tip of the glume, lemma, or palea of grass florets.

 

Blade

The part of a grass leaf above the sheath.

 

Culm

The hollow or pithy stem of a grass, sedge, or rush.

 

Glume

A bract at the base of a grass spikelet. Glumes usually occur in pairs, but occasionally only one is present.

 

Keeled

Folded, as in a grass blade, or with a raised ridge, as in a grass sheath; like the keel of a boat.

 

Ligule

In grasses, a membranous appendage at the junction of the leaf and the leaf sheath, often covered with a fringe of hairs.

 

Spikelet

The basic unit of inflorescence in grasses, composed of usually two glumes and one or more florets.

 
 
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    rough barnyard grass (var. muricata)   rough barnyard grass (var. muricata)  

 

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