(Echinochloa muricata var. muricata)
Conservation • Wetland • Description • Habitat • Ecology • Use • Distribution • Taxonomy
Description |
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Culms are often reclining on the ground but with the tips ascending. The leaf blade has no auricles. The leaf sheath is keeled and has no ligule. The awns on the flowering spikelets are from ¼″ to ½″ or longer. The spikelets are commonly purplish. |
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Height |
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18″ to 42″ |
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Similar Species |
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Rough barnyard grass (Echinochloa muricata var. microstachya) has flowering spikelets either with awns that are less than ¼″, or with no awns at all. Barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli) is similar but is distinguished by features of the lemmas which require at least 15x magnification to see. |
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Habitat |
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Moist to wet. Woodland openings, swamps, marshes, streambanks, disturbed sites. Full to partial sun. |
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Ecology |
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Flowering |
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July to September |
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Pests and Diseases |
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Use |
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Distribution |
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Sources |
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6/4/2023 | ||||
Nativity |
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Native |
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Occurrence |
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Common |
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Taxonomy |
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Kingdom | Plantae (green algae and land plants) | ||
Subkingdom | Viridiplantae (green plants) | ||
Infrakingdom | Streptophyta (land plants and green algae) | ||
Superdivision | Embryophyta (land plants) | ||
Division | Tracheophyta (vascular plants) | ||
Subdivision | Spermatophytina (seed plants) / Angiospermae (flowering plants) | ||
Class | Liliopsida (monocots) | ||
Order |
Poales (grasses, sedges, cattails, and allies) | ||
Family |
Poaceae (grasses) | ||
No Rank | PACMAD clade | ||
Subfamily | Panicoideae (bristlegrasses, bluestems, paspalums, and allies) | ||
Tribe | Paniceae (bristlegrasses, rosette grasses, barnyard grasses, and allies) | ||
Subtribe | Boivinellinae | ||
Genus |
Echinochloa (barnyard grasses) | ||
Species | Echinochloa muricata (rough barnyard grass) | ||
Synonyms |
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Echinochloa muricata var. ludoviciana Echinochloa pungens Echinochloa pungens var. coarctata Echinochloa pungens var. ludoviciana |
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Common Names |
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American barnyard grass barnyard grass cockspur grass rough barnyard grass rough barnyardgrass spiny barnyard grass |
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Glossary
Auricle
A small ear-like projection at the base of a leaf or at the junction of a grass blade and stem.
Awn
A stiff, bristle-like appendage at the tip of the glume, lemma, or palea of grass florets.
Blade
The part of a grass leaf above the sheath.
Culm
The hollow or pithy stem of a grass, sedge, or rush.
Glume
A bract at the base of a grass spikelet. Glumes usually occur in pairs, but occasionally only one is present.
Keeled
Folded, as in a grass blade, or with a raised ridge, as in a grass sheath; like the keel of a boat.
Ligule
In grasses, a membranous appendage at the junction of the leaf and the leaf sheath, often covered with a fringe of hairs.
Spikelet
The basic unit of inflorescence in grasses, composed of usually two glumes and one or more florets.
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