Dekay’s Brownsnake
(Storeria dekayi)
Information
Conservation • Description • Habitat • Ecology • Distribution • Taxonomy
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List
LC - Least Concern
NatureServe
N5 - Secure
S4 - Apparently Secure
Minnesota
not listed
Description
Dekay’s Brownsnake is a small, nonvenomous, snake, the second smallest snake found in Minnesota. Adults may be 9″ to 18″ in length at maturity, though they average 12″ and are rarely more than 15″ in length. Females are slightly larger than males.
The background color is reddish-brown. A pale stripe on the upper back (mid-dorsal) runs the length of the body. This stripe is bordered on each side by a row of black spots. The upper (dorsal) and lateral scales have a narrow, pale, raised ridge (keel) along the centerline. There are either 15 or 17 rows of dorsal and lateral scales.
The belly is cream-colored or pinkish-white and is unmarked except for very small black spots at the ends of the belly (ventral) scales. The anal plate is divided. Underneath the tail there are two rows of scales (subcaudal scales).
The head is darker than the body. Two dark brown vertical stripes below the eye extend to the jaw line, and there is usually a dark stripe behind the eye. Only two scales separate the eye and the nasal opening—there is no loral scale and the postnasal scale touches the preocular scale.
Juveniles have a light, grayish ring around the neck.
Size
Total length: 9″ to 18″
Similar Species
Redbelly snake (Storeria occipitomaculata) is smaller, no more than 10″ long. The pale dorsal stripe is not bordered with rows of black spots. The belly is bright red or salmon colored.
Habitat
Open grasslands near a woodland and near water
Ecology
Behavior
The adult is active during the day.
When threatened it will strike repeatedly, but its bite is neither venomous nor painful. Its mouth is not big enough to bite humans.
It is often found by turning over rocks or boards.
Lifespan
7 years
Life Cycle
Mating occurs from March through May. Gestation takes 105 to 113 days. In July and August females give birth to 3 to 20, usually at least 10, live young. Newborn snakes are 3½″ to 4½″ long. Juvenile mortality is high but snakes that reach adulthood will usually live about seven years. Males and females reach sexual maturity in two years. They overwinter in anthills, rock crevices, road embankments, and bridges.
Food
Earthworms, slugs, snails, soft-bodied insects, and rarely tadpoles and small frogs.
Distribution
Sources
Biodiversity occurrence data published by: Minnesota Biodiversity Atlas (accessed through the Minnesota Biodiversity Atlas Portal, bellatlas.umn.edu. Accessed 2/5/2026).
Storeria dekayi (Holbrook, 1839) in GBIF Secretariat (2023). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org. Accessed 2/5/2026.
Occurrence
Common
Taxonomy
Class
Reptilia (Reptiles)
Superorder
Lepidosauria
Order
Squamata (Snakes and Lizards)
Suborder
Serpentes (Snakes)
Family
Colubridae (Colubrid Snakes)
Subfamily
Natricinae
Genus
Storeria (American Brown Snakes)
Subordinate Taxa
Four subspecies were previously recognized. A recent study of the genus Storeria (Pyron et al., 2016) determined that the subspecies were defined by qualitative variation in color pattern, that these patterns smoothly intergrated across huge geographical areas, and thus subspecies recognition is not warranted. The former subspecies are now considered synonyms.
Synonyms
Coluber dekayi
Storeria dekayi anomala
Storeria dekayi dekayi
Storeria dekayi limnetes
Storeria dekayi temporalineata
Storeria dekayi texana
Storeria dekayi tropica
Storeria dekayi var. anomala
Storeria dekayi wrightorum
Storeria tropica
Storeria tropica limnetes
Tropidonotus dekayi
Common Names
Brown Snake
Dekay’s Brown Snake
Dekay’s Brownsnake
Photos
Visitor Photos
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Jen Kwasny
Brown snake?
Seen today in Mankato, MN – wasn’t sure if it was a brown snake or not.
Babette Kis
Dekay's brown snake Storeria dekayi
Dekay's brown snake, photographed on gravel roadside at Barnes Prairie, Racine Co., WI on Sept. 16, 2017.
Vivian
Minnesota Seasons Photos
Slideshows
Slideshows
Storeria Dekayi Dekayi (Northern Brown Snake)
tatasjeep
Videos
Visitor Videos
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Other Videos
Northern Brown Snake Storeria dekayi
Mark Khosravi
Dekay’s Brown Snake
TheSnakeLibrary
Herping With Dylan: Dekay's Brownsnake
Herping With Dylan
Brown Snake (Storeria dekayi) on the Spring Valley Trail - Ancaster, Ontario
Mike Karschti
Northern Brown snake (Storeria dekayi dekayi)
chris egnoto
Sightings
Visitor Sightings
Report a sighting of this reptile.
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Kay Loeffler
7/25/2024
Location: Alexandria Mn
Jen Kwasny
8/2/2023
John Valo
8/2/2023
Yes, this is a Dekay’s Brownsnake. The two rows of small black dots on the back are diagnostic.
SpataMom
7/14/2023
Ruth Jackson
9/25/2020
Location: 4 miles south of St. Cloud













