Canada plum
(Prunus nigra)
Conservation • Wetland • Description • Habitat • Ecology • Use • Distribution • Taxonomy
Conservation Status |
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| IUCN Red List | not listed |
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| NatureServe | N4N5 - Apparently Secure to Secure SNR - Unranked |
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| Minnesota | not listed |
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Wetland Indicator Status |
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| Great Plains | FACU - Facultative upland |
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| Midwest | FACU - Facultative upland |
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| Northcentral & Northeast | FACU - Facultative upland |
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Description |
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Canada plum is a shrub or small tree. There is a pair of red glands near the top of each leaf stalk. The leaf margins are bluntly toothed. Each tooth has a dark gland embedded at the tip. It has fruit 1″ to 1¼″ long with a red to yellowish-red skin. |
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Height |
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9″ to 13″ |
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Flower Color |
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White |
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Similar Species |
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| American plum (Prunus americana) leaf stalks usually do not have a pair of glands near the top. The leaves are narrower, less round. The teeth on the leaf margins are sharp and do not have embedded glands at the tip. It has smaller fruit, ¾″ to 1″ long, with red skin. | ||
Habitat |
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Forest edges and openings. |
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Ecology |
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Flowering |
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Early May to early June |
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Pests and Diseases |
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rust fungus (Tranzschelia pruni-spinosae var. americana) |
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Use |
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Distribution |
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Sources |
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| 2/24/2023 | ||||
Nativity |
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Native |
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Occurrence |
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Taxonomy |
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| Kingdom | Plantae (green algae and land plants) | ||
| Subkingdom | Viridiplantae (green plants) | ||
| Infrakingdom | Streptophyta (land plants and green algae) | ||
| Superdivision | Embryophyta (land plants) | ||
| Division | Tracheophyta (vascular plants) | ||
| Subdivision | Spermatophytina (seed plants) / Angiospermae (flowering plants) | ||
| Class | Magnoliopsida (flowering plants) | ||
| Superorder | Rosanae | ||
Order |
Rosales (roses, elms, figs, and allies) | ||
Family |
Rosaceae (rose) | ||
| Subfamily | Amygdaloideae | ||
| Tribe | Amygdaleae | ||
Genus |
Prunus (plums, cherries, and allies) | ||
| Subgenus | Prunus | ||
| Section | Prunocerasus | ||
Subordinate Taxa |
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Prunus americana var. nigra |
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Synonyms |
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Common Names |
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black plum Canada plum Canadian plum |
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MinnesotaSeasons.com Photos |
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Tree |
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Leaves |
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Lenticels |
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Young Bark |
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Old Bark |
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Fruit |
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