(Amanita bisporigera)
Conservation • Description • Habitat • Ecology • Distribution • Taxonomy
Conservation Status |
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IUCN Red List | not listed |
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NatureServe | NNR - Unranked |
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Minnesota | not listed |
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Description |
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Eastern North American Destroying Angel is a common, medium-sized, deadly poisonous, gilled mushroom. As the common name implies, it occurs in eastern North America, specifically in the United States east of the Great Plains, in adjacent Canadian provinces, and in Mexico and Central America. It is found in deciduous and mixed woodlands in the summer and fall, alone, scattered, or in groups. It grows on the ground near oak trees and possibly other hardwoods. It is mycorrhizal, obtaining its nutrients from the rootlets of a tree while facilitating greater absorption of nutrients from the soil by the tree. Eastern North American Destroying Angel is a tall white mushroom on a slender stalk. The cap on young mushrooms is oval or nearly round at first, becoming broadly convex then ultimately nearly flat at maturity. The mature cap is is 1″ to 4″ in diameter. The upper surface is hairless and usually dry to the touch, sticky when moist. It is white, rarely becoming yellowish or pinkish, and sometimes darkening in the center with age. There are no patches or warts on the surface. The margin is not lined with grooves (striated) and does not have remnants of the universal veil. The stalk is solid, 23⁄16″ to 5½″ (5.5 to 14 cm) tall, and 3⁄16″ to ¾″ (5 to 20 mm) thick. It tapers slightly to the top and has an expanded, cup-like base (volva) up to 1½″ in height. The volva is a remnant of a protective, egg-like covering (universal veil) that completely envelopes the developing mushroom when young. It may be partially or completely buried in the ground. The volva sometimes breaks up as the stalk expands. Near the top of the stalk, below the cap and gills, is a membranous ring. This is the remnant of a protective covering (partial veil) of the developing gills. The gills are white, closely spaced or crowded, and free, not attached to the stalk. Between adjacent gills there is frequently another short gill. The flesh is white and deadly poisonous, not edible. Young mushrooms have no odor. Older mushrooms have a sickly sweet smell like rotting meat. The spore print is white. |
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Similar Species |
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Habitat and Hosts |
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On the ground near oak trees |
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Ecology |
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Season |
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Summer and fall |
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Distribution |
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Sources |
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9/3/2022 | ||||
Occurrence |
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Widely distributed and common |
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Taxonomy |
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Kingdom | Fungi (fungi) | ||
Subkingdom | Dikarya | ||
Division | Basidiomycota (club fungi) | ||
Subdivision | Agaricomycotina (jelly fungi, yeasts, and mushrooms) | ||
Class | Agaricomycetes (mushrooms, bracket fungi, puffballs, and allies) | ||
Subclass | Agaricomycetidae | ||
Order | Agaricales (common gilled mushrooms and allies) | ||
Suborder | Pluteineae | ||
Family | Amanitaceae (Amanita mushrooms and allies) | ||
Tribe | Amaniteae | ||
Genus | Amanita (Amanita mushrooms) | ||
Subgenus | Lepidella | ||
Section | Phalloideae | ||
Synonyms |
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Common Names |
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Destroying Angel Eastern North American Destroying Angel North American Destroying Angel North American Two-spored Destroying Angel |
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Glossary
Mycorrhizal
A symbiotic, usually beneficial relationship between a fungus and the tiny rootlets of a plant, usually a tree.
Partial veil
A protective covering over the gills or pores of a developing mushroom. At maturity it disappears, collapses into a ring around the stalk, or wears away into a cobwebby covering and ring zone.
Striate
Striped or grooved in parallel lines (striae).
Universal veil
An egg-like structure that envelopes all or most of a developing gill mushroom. Remnants of the universal veil sometimes visible on a mature mushroom are patchy warts on the cap, a ring on the stalk, and a volva at the base of the stalk.
Volva
Also called cup. A cup-like covering at the base of a mushroom stem, sometimes buried. In Amanita, Volvariella, and some other mushrooms, it is the remnants of the universal veil ruptured by the mushroom pushing through. In Phallales it is the remnants of the ruptured peridium.
Visitor Photos |
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AGShep |
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FMF CHOP |
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White spore print. Found in grass near dying maple. |
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Jeffrey M. Arsenault |
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MinnesotaSeasons.com Photos |
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Slideshows |
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Visitor Videos |
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Other Videos |
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One Poisonous Mushroom | One Poisonous Plant Learn Your Land |
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About
Aug 23, 2017 In this video, we take a look at the lethal Destroying Angel mushroom (Amanita bisporigera/amerivirosa) and the toxic White Snake Root plant (Ageratina altissima). Music: Small Tall Order — Poison In The Water https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode Follow Adam Haritan online here: |
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What's That Fungus? - Amanita bisporigera KY Forest Health |
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About
Oct 23, 2020 |
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ID destroying angel mushrooms, Amanita bisporigera and allies Anna McHugh |
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About
Oct 5, 2020 How to ID lethal destroying angel mushrooms, including safety info. |
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Rhode Island Amanita Series: Amanita bisporigera Spike M |
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About
Jul 22, 2021 |
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Created: 7/31/2020
Last Updated: