(Potentilla gracilis var. fastigiata)
Conservation • Wetland • Description • Habitat • Ecology • Use • Distribution • Taxonomy
Conservation Status |
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IUCN Red List | not listed |
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NatureServe | N5 - Secure SNR - Unranked |
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Minnesota | not listed |
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Wetland Indicator Status |
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Great Plains | FAC - Facultative |
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Midwest | FAC - Facultative |
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Northcentral & Northeast | FAC - Facultative |
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Description |
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Northwest cinquefoil is a 8″ to 24″ tall, erect, perennial forb that rises on usually several stems from a thick, branched caudex. The stems are erect or ascending, stout, and covered with spreading to appressed hairs. Most of the leaves are basal. Basal leaves are on long, hairy stalks. The are palmately divided into 5, 7, or 9 leaflets. The leaflets are ¾″ to 4¾″ long, though usually 1″ to 3″ long, and inversely lance-shaped or narrowly inversely egg-shaped with the attachment at the narrow end. The central leaflet of the basal leaf is ¾″ to 2⅜″ long. The upper and lower leaf surfaces are densely covered with white, short, matted or tangled, woolly hairs. Neither surface has glandular hairs. The margins are deeply toothed around the entire margin, including near the base. The teeth are narrow, cut less than ½ of the way to the midrib. The margins of these teeth/lobes are somewhat rolled backward toward the underside. Stem leaves are few, often just 1 or 2, alternate, and similar to the basal leaves, but smaller and often with only 3 leaflets. The inflorescence is a flattened, open, branched cluster of many flowers at the end of the stem. The flowers are ½″ to ¾″ wide. The 5 petals are yellow; ⅛″ to ¼″ long; inversely heart-shaped, broadest at the tip with two rounded lobes separated by a broad notch; and tapering to a narrow, wedge-shaped base. The 5 sepals are green, almost as long as the petals and alternate with the petals. The 5 bractlets are much shorter than the sepals when the flower is fully open. They alternate with the sepals and are hidden below the petals when the flower is viewed from above. There are 20 yellow stamens. There is no floral scent. |
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Height |
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8″ to 24″ |
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Flower Color |
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Yellow |
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Similar Species |
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Fanleaf cinquefoil (Potentilla gracilis var. fastigiata) is a taller plant, usually 20″ to 40″ in height. The stems are covered with generally appressed hairs. The central leaflet of the basal leaf is longer, 2″ to 3½″ long. The upper surface of the leaf is green and sparsely hairy. The teeth are cut more than ¾ of the way to the midrib. The petals are longer; ¼″ to ⅜″ long. Graceful cinquefoil (Potentilla gracilis var. gracilis) is a slighty taller plant, usually 16″ to 36″ in height. The stems are covered with generally spreading hairs. The central leaflet of the basal leaf is somewhat longer, 1¼″ to 2¾″ long. The upper surface of the leaf is green and sparsely hairy. The teeth are cut about ½ of the way to the midrib. The petals are longer; ¼″ to ⅜″ long. |
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Habitat |
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Dry to moist. Prairies, woods. |
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Ecology |
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Flowering |
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July to August |
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Pests and Diseases |
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Use |
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Distribution |
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Sources USDA PLANTS shows this variety native to Minnesota, however no records can be found. |
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4/16/2023 | ||||
Nativity |
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Native |
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Occurrence |
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Taxonomy |
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Kingdom | Plantae (green algae and land plants) | ||
Subkingdom | Viridiplantae (green plants) | ||
Infrakingdom | Streptophyta (land plants and green algae) | ||
Superdivision | Embryophyta (land plants) | ||
Division | Tracheophyta (vascular plants) | ||
Subdivision | Spermatophytina (seed plants) / Angiospermae (flowering plants) | ||
Class | Magnoliopsida (flowering plants) | ||
Superorder | Rosanae | ||
Order |
Rosales (roses, elms, figs, and allies) | ||
Family |
Rosaceae (rose) | ||
Subfamily | Rosoideae (brambles, roses, strawberries, and allies) | ||
Tribe | Potentilleae (strawberries, cinquefoils, and allies) | ||
Subtribe | Potentillinae (cinquefoil) | ||
Genus |
Potentilla (cinquefoils) | ||
Species | Potentilla gracilis (slender cinquefoil) | ||
Subordinate Taxa |
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Synonyms |
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Potentilla alaskana Potentilla angustata Potentilla blasckeana Potentilla blasckeana var. permollis Potentilla brunnescens Potentilla etomentosa Potentilla etomentosa var. hallii Potentilla fastigiata Potentilla fastigiata var. jucunda Potentilla fastigiata var. permollis Potentilla glomerata Potentilla gracilis ssp. nuttallii Potentilla gracilis var. blasckeana Potentilla gracilis var. brunnescens Potentilla gracilis var. glabrata Potentilla gracilis var. hallii Potentilla gracilis var. nuttallii Potentilla gracilis var. permollis Potentilla gracilis var. rigida Potentilla jucunda Potentilla nuttallii Potentilla permollis Potentilla rectiformis Potentilla viridescens |
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Common Names |
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beautiful cinquefoil fanleaf cinquefoil Hall’s cinquefoil northwest cinquefoil Nuttall’s cinquefoil slender cinquefoil |
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Glossary
Bract
Modified leaf at the base of a flower stalk, flower cluster, or inflorescence.
Bractlet
A small, often secondary bract within an inflorescence; a bract that is borne on a petiole instead of subtending it.
Caudex
A short, thickened, woody, persistent enlargement of the stem, at or below ground level, used for water storage.
Glandular hairs
Hairs spread over aerial vegetation that secrete essential oils. The oils act to protect against herbivores and pathogens or, when on a flower part, attract pollinators. The hairs have a sticky or oily feel.
Palmately divided
Similar to a hand. Having more than three lobes that radiate from a single point at the base of the leaf.
Sepal
An outer floral leaf, usually green but sometimes colored, at the base of a flower.
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