purple-stem angelica
(Angelica atropurpurea)
Conservation • Wetland • Description • Habitat • Biology • Use • Distribution • Taxonomy
Conservation Status |
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| IUCN Red List | not listed |
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| NatureServe | NNR - Unranked SNR - Unranked |
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| Minnesota | not listed |
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Wetland Indicator Status |
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| Midwest | OBL - Obligate wetland |
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| Northcentral & Northeast | OBL - Obligate wetland |
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Description |
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Purple-stem angelica is a 2′ to 8′ tall, erect, perennial forb that rises on usually a single stem from a taproot. The stems are erect, purplish, thick, hollow, hairless, and aromatic. Basal leaves are 4″ to 12″ long and are divided into 3 segments. They are on thick leaf stalks that sheath the stem at the base. The sheaths are not inflated or are only slightly inflated. Each leaf segment is pinnately divided into 3 or 5 leaflets. Stem leaves are similar, becoming smaller and less divided as they ascend the stem. The leaflets are egg-shaped to lance-shaped and 1½″ to 4″ long. They taper to a point at the tip with straight sides along the tip. The upper surface is hairless. The lower surface is hairless or may be minutely hairy. The margins are toothed with sharp, forward-pointing teeth, and rarely have a fringe of hairs. The inflorescence is a branched array of several long-stalked umbels at the end of the stem. The umbels are 4″ to 8″ wide and globe-shaped. Each umbel has 20 to 45 branches (rays) at the end of which are smaller, secondary umbels (umbellets). The umbellets are also globe-shaped. The fruit is dry, ⅛″ to ¼″long, oblong egg-shaped, and hairless. It contains 2 seeds. |
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Height |
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2′ to 8′ |
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Flower Color |
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White |
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Similar Species |
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| American cow parsnip (Heracleum sphondylium ssp. montanum) stem is sparsely to densely covered with spreading, easily visible hairs. The sheath at the base of the leaf stalk is moderately to strongly inflated. The leaflets are 4″ to 12″ long and wide, egg-shaped to almost circular in outline, and palmately 3-lobed. The umbels are flat-topped, not globe-shaped. | ||
Habitat |
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Wet to moist. Swamps, wet woods, meadows, stream banks, fens. Full to partial sun. |
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Biology |
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Flowering |
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June to August |
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Use |
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Distribution |
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Sources |
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| 6/7/2015 | ||||
Nativity |
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Native |
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Occurrence |
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Taxonomy |
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| Kingdom | Plantae (green algae and land plants) | ||
| Subkingdom | Viridiplantae (green plants) | ||
| Infrakingdom | Streptophyta (land plants and green algae) | ||
| Superdivision | Embryophyta (land plants) | ||
| Division | Tracheophyta (vascular plants) | ||
| Subdivision | Spermatophytina (seed plants) | ||
| Class | Magnoliopsida (flowering plants) | ||
| Superorder | Asteranae | ||
Order |
Apiales (carrots, ivies, and allies) | ||
| Suborder | Apiineae | ||
Family |
Apiaceae (carrots) | ||
| Subfamily | Apioideae | ||
| Tribe | Selineae | ||
Genus |
Angelica (wild celery, angelica) | ||
Subordinate Taxa |
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Synonyms |
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Angelica atropurpurea var. occidentalis |
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Common Names |
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angelica common great angelica great angelica large angelica masterwort purple-stem angelica purple-stemmed angelica purplestem angelica |
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Glossary
Pinnate
Having the leaflets of a compound leaf arranged on opposite sides of a common stalk.
Ray
A strap-shaped flower, or the strap-shaped portion of a flower, in the Asteraceae (aster) family. A branch of an umbel in the Apiaceae (carrot) family.
Sheath
The lower part of the leaf that surrounds the stem.
Umbel
A flat-topped or convex, umbrella-shaped cluster of flowers or buds arising from more or less a single point.
Umbellet
A secondary umbel in a compound umbel.
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| Slideshows | ||
| Purple-stemmed Angelica (Angelica atropurpurea) Andree Reno Sanborn |
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This button not working for you? Simply email us at info@MinnesotaSeasons.com. Be sure to include a location. |
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| Larry Voltz 6/3/2015 |
Location: Sec 32, T149N R33W Beltrami County Landowner stopped in with a sample of the plant. Positive ID. Has had it there for 20 years. |
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| MinnesotaSeasons.com Sightings | ||||
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