field clover
(Trifolium campestre ssp. campestre)
Conservation • Description • Habitat • Ecology • Use • Distribution • Taxonomy
Conservation Status |
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| IUCN Red List | not listed |
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| NatureServe | NNA - Not applicable SNA - Not applicable |
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| Minnesota | not listed |
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Description |
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The leaflets do not have any white markings. The lateral leaflets are unstalked or nearly unstalked and the terminal leaflet is conspicuously long stalked. The flowers are yellow. The top petal (keel) is grooved. After flowering the petals remain on the plant and become brown or nearly white and papery. The seedpod is dull brown and straight, not coiled. |
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Height |
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4″ to 16″ |
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Flower Color |
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Yellow |
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Similar Species |
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Black medick (Medicago lupulina) flower heads are smaller. The top keel is smooth, not grooved. The petals drop off after flowering. The mature seedpod is black and coiled. Golden clover (Trifolium aureum) terminal leaflet is unstalked. |
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Habitat |
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Moist or moderately moist. Abandoned fields, roadsides, trails, waste places. Full or partial sun. |
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Ecology |
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Flowering |
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May to August |
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Pests and Diseases |
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Use |
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Distribution |
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Sources |
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| 4/19/2023 | ||||
Nativity |
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Native to Europe, western Asia, and northern Africa. Introduced and naturalized in North America |
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Occurrence |
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Common |
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Taxonomy |
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| Kingdom | Plantae (green algae and land plants) | ||
| Subkingdom | Viridiplantae (green plants) | ||
| Infrakingdom | Streptophyta (land plants and green algae) | ||
| Superdivision | Embryophyta (land plants) | ||
| Division | Tracheophyta (vascular plants) | ||
| Subdivision | Spermatophytina (seed plants) / Angiospermae (flowering plants) | ||
| Class | Magnoliopsida (flowering plants) | ||
| Superorder | Rosanae | ||
Order |
Fabales (legumes, milkworts, and allies) | ||
Family |
Fabaceae (legumes) | ||
| Subfamily | Faboideae | ||
| Tribe | Trifolieae |
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| Genus | Trifolium (clovers) | ||
| Subgenus | Chronosemium | ||
Subordinate Taxa |
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One variety and one subspecies of field clover are generally recognized. The nominate taxon ssp. campestre has yellow corollas and occurs across North America. The other taxa have purplish corollas and may be restricted to their native ranges. USDA PLANTS recognizes var. minus, suggesting that it occurs in the United States, but provides no distribution information. |
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Synonyms |
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Trifolium procumbens |
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Common Names |
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big hop clover field clover field hop clover great hop trefoil hop clover large hop clover lesser hop clover low hop clover |
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