velvet-leaf

not listed

NNA - Not applicable

SNA - Not applicable

not listed

County Noxious Weed in Chippewa, Cottonwood, Murray, Steele, and Waseca Counties

UPL - Obligate upland

FACU - Facultative upland

FACU - Facultative upland

Velvet-leaf is a 1′ to 4′ tall, occasionally taller, stout, erect, annual forb that rises from a slender taproot.

The stem is much branched above the middle and is covered with star-shaped hairs that have just a few branches from the base (stellate).

The leaves are alternate, large, 4″ to 6″ long, and heart-shaped with a notch at the base. They are gradually taper to a sharp point with concave sides along the tip. They are covered on both sides with stellate hairs, making them velvety to the touch. The margins have minute, blunt teeth. They are borne on 1″ to 5″ long leaf stalks that are also covered with stellate hairs.

The inflorescence consists of solitary flowers born on ¾″ to 1¼″ long stalks arising from the upper angle of the junction between the leaf and the stem (axils). The flower stalks are covered with stellate hairs.

The flowers are ½″ to 1″ wide with 5 yellow to orangish-yellow petals.

The fruit is ¾″ to 1¼″ wide and densely hairy. They have 10 to 15 awned segments, each containing a gray-grown, kidney-shaped seed. The seeds remain viable for up to 50 years.

1′ to 4′, occasionally taller

Yellow to orangish-yellow

Dry. Fields, disturbed sites. Full sun.

July to October

Sources

2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 22, 28, 29, 30.

Native to northern Africa, western Asia, Pakistan, and eastern Europe. Introduced and naturalized in the United States.

Plant

Flower

Infructescence

Fruit

Leaves

Winter