(Anemone acutiloba)
Conservation • Description • Habitat • Ecology • Use • Distribution • Taxonomy
Conservation Status |
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IUCN Red List | not listed |
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NatureServe | N5 - Secure SNR - Unranked |
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Minnesota | not listed |
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Description |
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Sharp-lobed hepatica is an erect, perennial forb that rises from ascending to horizontal rhizomes. In early April it can be identified by the pointed, purple, three-lobed leaves laying flat on the ground. These are leaves that have overwintered from the previous year. The name hepatica is Latin for liver, and refers to the shape and color of the leaves, which resemble the human liver. After the flowers have bloomed 3 to 15 new leaves emerge from the base on slender, densely hairy, 2″ to 8″ long leaf stalks. The leaves are ⅔″ to 2¾″ long, ¾″ to 4″ wide, and palmately divided into 3 lobes deeply cut to well below the middle of the blade. The base of the leaf is heart-shaped, broadly rounded and indented where the leaf attaches to the leaf stalk. The lobes are broadly oval to egg-shaped and pointed at the tip. The terminal lobe length is 70% to 90% of the total leaf length. The margins are untoothed. The upper surface is green, sometimes with purple mottles. The underside of the leaf is green or sometimes purple. When young both surfaces are densely hairy with long, soft, shaggy, unmatted hairs. As they age they become hairless or almost hairless. By the time the flowers appear the overwintered leaves are dying back. The flowers are ½″ to 1″ wide and are born singly on densely hairy, leafless stalks. They have from 5 to 12 petal-like sepals (usually 6), 10 to 30 white stamens, and a green cluster of carpels at the center. The sepals are white, pink, or blue, egg-shaped or inversely egg-shaped. There are 3, sometimes 4, narrowly lance-shaped bracts with pointed tips subtending the flower. |
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Height |
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2″ to 6″ |
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Flower Color |
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White, pink, or blue |
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Similar Species |
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Round-lobed hepatica (Anemone americana) leaves are more shallowly divided into lobes with rounded tips. The terminal lobe length is 50% to 70% of the total leaf length. There are 3 broadly egg-shaped or elliptic bracts with rounded tips subtending the flower. | ||
Habitat |
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Dry to moist. Upland woods. |
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Ecology |
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Flowering |
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April to May |
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Pests and Diseases |
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Use |
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Distribution |
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Sources |
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6/29/2022 | ||||
Nativity |
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Native |
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Occurrence |
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Taxonomy |
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Kingdom | Plantae (green algae and land plants) | ||
Subkingdom | Viridiplantae (green plants) | ||
Infrakingdom | Streptophyta (land plants and green algae) | ||
Superdivision | Embryophyta (land plants) | ||
Division | Tracheophyta (vascular plants) | ||
Subdivision | Spermatophytina (seed plants) / Angiospermae (flowering plants) | ||
Class | Magnoliopsida (flowering plants) | ||
Superorder | Ranunculanae | ||
Order |
Ranunculales (buttercups, poppies, and allies) | ||
Family |
Ranunculaceae (buttercups) | ||
Subfamily | Ranunculoideae (anemones, buttercups, larkspurs and allies) | ||
Tribe | Anemoneae (anemones and allies) | ||
Genus |
Anemone (anemone) | ||
In 2011 there were several scientific names for sharp-lobed hepatica used by authoritative taxonomic sources. Eleven years later the situation has not improved. Here are eleven “authoritative” taxonomic sources – and Wikipedia – and their sceintific name for sharp-lobed hepatica as of 6/29/2022: Flora of North America: Anemone acutiloba GRIN: Anemone acutiloba ITIS: Anemone acutiloba Wisflora: Anemone acutiloba NCBI: Hepatica acutiloba iNaturalist: Hepatica acutiloba Michigan Flora: Hepatica acutiloba Wikipedia: Hepatica acutiloba Plants of the World Online: Hepatica acutiloba BONAP: Hepatica nobilis USDA PLANTS: Hepatica nobilis var. acuta World Flora Online: Anemone hepatica var. acuta |
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Subordinate Taxa |
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Synonyms |
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Anemone hepatica var. acuta Hepatica acuta Hepatica acutiloba Hepatica nobilis var. acuta Hepatica triloba var. acuta Hepatica triloba var. acutiloba |
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Common Names |
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American liverleaf liverleaf liverwort-herb lobed leaf hepatica sharp-lobed hepatica sharp-lobed liverleaf sharplobe hepatica |
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Glossary
Bract
Modified leaf at the base of a flower stalk, flower cluster, or inflorescence.
Palmately divided
Similar to a hand. Having more than three lobes that radiate from a single point at the base of the leaf.
Visitor Photos |
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Nancy Falkum |
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Luciearl |
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Wayne Rasmussen |
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MinnesotaSeasons.com Photos |
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Plant |
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White Flower |
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Pink Flower |
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Blue Flower |
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Bud |
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Leaves |
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Visitor Videos |
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Other Videos |
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march28 video Sharp Lobed Hepatica ,Hepatica nobilis evansmedia1 |
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About
Uploaded on Mar 28, 2011 No description available. |
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Sharp-Lobed Hepatica (Hepatica nobilis acuta) wvoutdoorman |
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About
Published on Mar 27, 2012 Sharp-Lobed Hepatica wildflowers |
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Visitor Sightings |
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Report a sighting of this plant. |
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This button not working for you? Simply email us at info@MinnesotaSeasons.com. Be sure to include a location. |
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Nancy Falkum 4/24/2022 |
Location: Whitewater WMA, Main Branch Unit |
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Luciearl 6/4/2020 |
Location: Steele County |
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Wayne Rasmussen 6/1/2016 |
Location: Rice Lake SP, Steele Co, MN |
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MinnesotaSeasons.com Sightings |
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Beaver Creek Valley State Park Cannon River Turtle Preserve SNA Carpenter St. Croix Valley Nature Center Charles A. Lindbergh State Park Forestville/Mystery Cave State Park Hardscrabble Woods / MG Tusler Sanctuary Mary Schmidt Crawford Woods SNA Nerstrand Big Woods State Park P.N. and G.M. Nelson Wildlife Sanctuary |
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