yellow foxtail
(Setaria pumila ssp. pumila)
Conservation • Wetland • Description • Habitat • Ecology • Use • Distribution • Taxonomy
Conservation Status |
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| IUCN Red List | not listed |
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| NatureServe | NNA - Not applicable |
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| Minnesota | not listed |
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Wetland Indicator Status |
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| Great Plains | FACU - Facultative upland |
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| Midwest | FAC - Facultative |
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| Northcentral & Northeast | FAC - Facultative |
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Description |
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Yellow foxtail is one of the first plants to appear in disturbed sites. The leaf sheath has a fringe of hairs on the margins. The inflorescense spike is usually straight, though longer spikes may be slightly arched. There are 4 to 12 bristles beneath each spikelet. The bristles are yellow when young, turning yellowish-brown or orangish-brown (tawny) at maturity. They are never purple or purplish. |
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Height |
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12″ to 32″ |
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Similar Species |
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Green foxtail (Setaria viridis var. viridis) inflorescence spike is straight or nodding. There are 1 to 3 bristles per spikelet. The bristles are green or purple when young, turning purple or tawny at maturity. |
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Habitat |
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Moderately dry to moist. Forest margins, roadsides, cultivated fields, waste places, disturbed sites, and lawns. Full sun. |
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Ecology |
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Flowering |
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June to October |
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Pests and Diseases |
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Use |
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Distribution |
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Sources |
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| 7/25/2023 | ||||
Nativity |
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Native to Europe, Asia, northern Africa, and Canary Islands. Introduced and widely naturalized in North America. |
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Occurrence |
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Very common and widespread |
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Taxonomy |
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| Kingdom | Plantae (green algae and land plants) | ||
| Subkingdom | Viridiplantae (green plants) | ||
| Infrakingdom | Streptophyta (land plants and green algae) | ||
| Superdivision | Embryophyta (land plants) | ||
| Division | Tracheophyta (vascular plants) | ||
| Subdivision | Spermatophytina (seed plants) | ||
| Class | Liliopsida (monocots) | ||
Order |
Poales (grasses, sedges, cattails, and allies) | ||
Family |
Poaceae (grasses) | ||
| No Rank | PACMAD clade | ||
| Subfamily | Panicoideae (bristlegrasses, bluestems, paspalums, and allies) | ||
| Tribe | Paniceae (bristlegrasses, rosette grasses, barnyard grasses, and allies) | ||
| Subtribe | Cenchrinae | ||
Genus |
Setaria (foxtails and bristlegrasses) | ||
| Species | Setaria pumila (yellow foxtail) | ||
Most taxonomic authorities recognize two subspecies of yellow foxtail, cattail grass (Setaria pumila ssp. pallidefusca) and yellow foxtail (Setaria pumila ssp. pumila). Yellow foxtail is naturalized in Minnesota. Cattail grass is rare in North America. In Minnesota, it has been reported at only one location in Anoka County. ITIS and the Catalogue of New World Grasses do not recognize any subspecies. |
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Synonyms |
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Chaetochloa glauca var. purpurea Chaetochloa lutescens Panicum glaucum var. flavescens Panicum glaucum var. laevigatum Panicum imberbe var. pumilum Panicum lutescens Panicum pumilum Setaria glauca var. pumila Setaria lutescens |
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Common Names |
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pale pigeon grass pear-millet pigeon grass yellow bristle grass yellow bristlegrass yellow foxtail |
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Visitor Photos |
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MinnesotaSeasons.com Photos |
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Habitat |
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Plant |
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Inflorescence |
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Infructescence |
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Slideshows |
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Visitor Videos |
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Other Videos |
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| Weed of the Week #839 - Yellow Foxtail (Air Date 5/4/14) AgPhD's channel |
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About
Published on May 7, 2014 It's our Weed of the Week, Yellow Foxtail. |
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| Yellow foxtail Ohio State University Weed Science |
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About
Published on Aug 20, 2014 This video is about Yellow foxtail |
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| Yellow foxtail , キンエノコロ Koji Kimura |
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About
Published on Aug 19, 2013 Yellow foxtail , キンエノコロ |
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Visitor Sightings |
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MinnesotaSeasons.com Sightings |
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Badoura Jack Pine Woodland SNA Blazing Star Prairie Addition Preserve, South Unit Charles A. Lindbergh State Park Clifton E. French Regional Park John Peter Hoffman Spring Brook Valley WMA Minnesota Valley NWR, Chaska Unit Minnesota Valley NWR, Wilkie Unit Mound Spring Prairie SNA, North Unit Northern Tallgrass Prairie NWR, Hoffman Unit Northern Tallgrass Prairie NWR, Pavia Unit Prairie Creek WMA, Koester Prairie Unit Richard M. & Mathilde Rice Elliot SNA |
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