(Cardinalis cardinalis)
Conservation • Description • Habitat • Biology • Distribution • Taxonomy
Conservation Status |
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IUCN Red List | LC - Least Concern |
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NatureServe | N5 - Secure SNR - Unranked |
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Minnesota | not listed |
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Description |
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This is one of the most widely recognized birds in North America. |
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Size |
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7½″ to 9¼″ in length 12″ wingspan |
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Voice |
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The song of both males and females is a series of clear, bubbly notes that have been describes as woit, woit, woit, chew, chew, chew, chew, chew or pichew, pichew, tiw, tiw, tiw, tiw, tiw (Sibley); and cheer, cheer, cheer or birdie, birdie, birdie (Cornell Lab of Ornithology). It is a learned song and varies by region. In the spring a male seeking to attract a female gives an inspiring vocal performance that must be listened to for several minutes to be fully appreciated. It begins with a series of just three to six notes; woit, woit, chew, chew, chew. After a pause of few seconds the series is repeated, increasing the number of chew notes usually by just one. This continues for several minutes, each time the series increasing usually by just a single note. The series will often get to 18 to 20 chew notes. One series I counted reached 24. You do not have to be a female Northern Cardinal to be impressed by such a performance. |
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Similar Species |
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Habitat |
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Thickets and shrubs along woodland edges, parks, suburban back yards |
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Biology |
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Migration |
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Nesting |
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Food |
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Distribution |
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Occurrence |
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Common year-round resident |
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Maps |
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The Minnesota Ornithologists’ Union All Seasons Species Occurrence Map |
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Taxonomy |
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Class | Aves (birds) | ||
Order |
Passeriformes (perching birds) | ||
Family |
Cardinalidae (cardinals and allies) | ||
Genus |
Cardinalis (typical cardinals) | ||
The genus Piranga was formerly placed in the tanager family Thraupidae. Mitochondrial DNA data from several studies between 1997 and 2007 show that the genus is more closely related to cardinals (family Cardinalidae). |
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Subordinate Taxa |
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Arizona Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis superbus) Cozumel Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis saturatus) Eastern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis cardinalis) Florida Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis floridanus) Gray-tailed Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis canicaudus) Isla Cerralvo Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis clintoni) Isla Tiburón Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis townsendi) Long-crested Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis carneus) Louisiana Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis magnirostris) Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis affinis) Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis coccineus) Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis flammiger) Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis littoralis) Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis phillipsi) San Lucas Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis igneus) Santa Gertrudis Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis seftoni) Sinaloa Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis sinaloensis) Tres Marías Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis mariae) Yucatan Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis yucatanicus) |
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Synonyms |
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Visitor Photos |
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Gregory Gilman |
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Female Cardinal |
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Male Red Cardinal |
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Ramona Abrego |
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Male and Female |
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Gerry Garcia |
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Wayne Rasmussen |
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Cardinals are ever present in Maplewood Hts Park in Ramsey County, but difficult to photograph |
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Margot Avey |
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Richard Thrasher |
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male cardnial at feeder |
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Tom Baker |
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MinnesotaSeasons.com Photos |
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Male |
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Juvenile Male |
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Female |
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Visitor Videos |
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Avi Birds |
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Northern Cardinal / Redbird / Common Cardinal / Red Cardinal / Cardinal [Cardinalis Cardinalis] Dec 26, 2022 |
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About
In this video, we learn about the northern cardinal. |
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Other Videos |
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Northern Cardinal Portrait ebirdr |
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About
Published on Dec 13, 2012 The Northern Cardinal is common in eastern United States and just enters southeastern Canada. It is the state bird for Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, North Carolina, Ohio, Virginia and West Virginia. It is found in thickets, suburban areas, gardens and at feeders. As this video show, although the Cardinal is a beautiful bird it also has an ugly side. When it's moulting it's pretty revolting. It looks very prehiistoric, like something right out of Jurassic Park.. It is crested with a stout red bill. The male is red overall with a black face. The female is buffy-brown or buffy-olive overall with red in its wings, tail, and crest. These birds are nonmigratory. They add color and sound to a winter scene. Both sexes sing throughout the year giving such short whistles as "purty purty purty" and a sharp metallic "chink" call. |
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HD Northern cardinals feeding baby birds 1080 FrontYardVideo |
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About
Uploaded on Jun 9, 2011 Northern cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis) bird parents feeding bugs to chicks and cleaning up the poop to keep the nest clean |
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Northern Cardinal - HD Mini-Documentary James Knott |
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About
Uploaded on Feb 6, 2009 Mini-documentary about the Northern Cardinal. It's song look and habitat. Transcription: "With a crested head, black mask around its eyes and brilliant red body, the Northern Cardinal is one of the most famous birds in North America. It is a mid-sized songbird that lives in wooded areas and has a distinct orange beak shaped perfectly for eating seeds which make up the majority of its diet. The Northern Cardinal does not migrate. It is a year-round resident whose range extends from southern Canada to Mexico on the eastern half of the continent. The plumage of the males feathers is much brighter and more vibrant than that of the females it is trying to attract. It learns its song, so the tune of the cardinal will vary by region. This beautiful bird is named after the cardinals in the Roman Catholic Church who wore red robes and caps. It is the state bird in seven states - North Carolina, West Virginia, Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky and Virginia." |
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Northern Cardinal Singing Close-up Finale with Thunderstorm in HD my35Xvision |
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About
Uploaded on Mar 27, 2011 Uploaded on Mar 27, 2011 Northern Cardinal Singing Close-up Finale with Thunderstorm in HD Back to my channel: http://www.youtube.com/user/my35Xvision Good Morning America WAKE UP! Early morning song by Northern Cardinal and finale with the Thunderstorm. Filmed by my35Xvision on 3/26 and 3/23 2011. Featured: Make sure you subscribe/like/comment/share! Please visit my channel to view more exciting videos of mine: |
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Sounds of Spring Northern Cardinal Courtship Brandy Doyker |
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About
Published on Apr 15, 2013 While the female has softer side...both male and female sing songs of courtship...during this time the male is seen feeding the female...his way of demonstrating he's the one...good provider of food...both female and male feed the babies...in dense shrubs...she builds the nest...it's quite romantic...♥ |
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Visitor Sightings |
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Report a sighting of this bird. |
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Ramona Abrego | Location: Washington County Male and Female |
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Gerry Garcia 5/17/2019 |
Location: West Bloomington Female |
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Wayne Rasmussen 5/13/2018 |
Location: Ramsey |
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Margot Avey 8/31/2017 |
Location: Lake Harriet Gardens, Minneapolis MN |
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Richard Thrasher 6/21/2017 |
Location: Green Isle, MN male cardnial at feeder |
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Wayne Rasmussen 7/25/2016 |
Location: Maplewood Heights Park |
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Gregory Gilman 2/24/2015 |
Location: Rochester, MN Male Red Cardinal |
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Wayne Rasmussen 5/18/2011 |
Location: Maplewood Heights Park Cardinals are ever present in Maplewood Hts Park in Ramsey County, but difficult to photograph |
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Wayne Rasmussen 5/7/2011 |
Location: Maplewood Heights Park |
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Gregory Gilman 1/23/2011 |
Location: Rochester, MN Female Cardinal |
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Wayne Rasmussen 4/10/2009 |
Location: Maplewood Heights Park |
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MinnesotaSeasons.com Sightings |
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Avon Hills Forest SNA, North Unit Beaver Creek Valley State Park Bertram Chain of Lakes Regional Park Cannon River Turtle Preserve SNA Carpenter St. Croix Valley Nature Center Clinton Falls Dwarf Trout Lily SNA Forestville/Mystery Cave State Park Hardscrabble Woods / MG Tusler Sanctuary John Peter Hoffman Spring Brook Valley WMA Mary Schmidt Crawford Woods SNA Minnesota Valley NWR, Black Dog Unit Minnesota Valley NWR, Long Meadow Lake Unit Minnesota Valley NWR, Rapids Lake Unit Minnesota Valley State Recreation Area, Lawrence Unit Nerstrand Big Woods State Park Prairie Creek WMA, Koester Prairie Unit Robert Ney Memorial Park Reserve Stanley Eddy Memorial Park Reserve |
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